A fire system is a vigorous fire protection methodology, consisting of a water system, providing adequate pressure and rate of flow to a water distribution piping system, onto that fire sprinklers square measure connected.

TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

Automatic sprinkler systems square measure thought-about to be only and economical thanks to apply water to suppress a fireplace. Four basic kinds of sprinkler systems square measure given below

• Wet Pipe system
• Dry Pipe system
• Deluge system
• Preaction system

Sprinkler deluge systems square measure employed in several common applications like storage areas, sales rooms, searching centers, hospitals, school, etc.

APPLICABLE STANDARDS

OISD 117 - hearth Protection Facilities for crude oil Depots, Terminals, Pipeline Installations and make full oil installations

DESIGN FLOW RATE

Fire water rate of flow for a country shall be combination of the following:

Water flow calculated for cooling a tank afire at a rate of three lpm/m2 of shell space.
• Water flow calculated for exposure protection for all different tanks falling at intervals a radius of (R+30) m from centre of a tank afire (R-Radius of tank on fire) and set within the same dyke at a rate of three lpm/m2 of shell space.
• Water flow calculated for exposure protection for all different tanks falling outside a radius of (R+30) m from centre of a tank afire and set within the same dyke at a rate of one lpm/m2 of shell space.
• For water flow calculations, all tank farms having category A or B crude oil storage shall be thought-about regardless of diameter of tanks and whether or not fastened water spray system is provided or not.

NFPA 13 - - customary for the Installation of mechanical device Systems

The designation of sprinkler system sizes are often known by nominal K-Factor. The K-factor formula is employed to calculate the discharge rate from a nozzle.

Nominal K-factor shall be larger than twenty [L/min/ (bar) 1/2]

NFPA 15 - Standard for Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection

Minimum in operation pressure of any nozzle protective out of doors hazards shall be one.4 bar.

OISD 244 - Storage and handling of crude oil merchandise at depots and terminals as well as standalone petroleum storage facilities.

Spray nozzles shall be directed radially to a tank at a distance not olympian zero.6 m from the tank surface.

METHODOLOGY